Search results for "interactions [Galaxies]"
showing 10 items of 43 documents
Structures optiques dissipatives en cavité laser à fibre
2011
This thesis presents a study of the nonlinear dissipative dynamics of localized of self organized structures in passively mode-locked fiber laser through nonlinear polarization evolution. We reveal the existence of a gradual transition from the quasi-cw to mode locked dynamics in the multi-pulsing regime. We emphasize on the intermediate state, where various new dynamics are observed. We study collective behaviors of dissipative solitons in the presence of a continuous background. One of the complex and attractive dynamics presented is the "soliton rain", which composed of three field components : continuous modes of background, drifting of solitons and condensed phase solitons. This dynami…
Interactions, spillovers de connaissance et croissance des économies modernes. Faut-il préférer la globalisation ou la proximité géographique ?
2009
Globalisation and metropolisation in modern economies induce some locational strategies of knowledge based activities towards cities and deeply increase trade and move of ideas across cities. In that context, we study the way knowledge spillovers have influenced the economic growth of 82 European Metropolises over the 1990-2005 period. We model knowledge spillovers across cities according to three specific interaction patterns depending either on geography or on global advanced services or thought a combination of these patterns. We show that the mixed pattern matters the best for economic growth of cities in Europe.
The contribution of epistasis to the architecture of fitness in an RNA virus
2004
4 pages, 2 figures.-- PMID: 15492220 [PubMed].-- PMCID: PMC524436.-- Additional information (Suppl. table S1: Relevant information about each single- and double-nucleotide substitution mutant created) available at: http://www.pnas.org/content/101/43/15376/suppl/DC1
The role of biotic interactions in a prey-predator system : the case of predation and regulation of weed seeds by carabids.
2020
For the transition towards agricultural production systems that are less dependent on herbicides, the use of weed regulation by seed-eating carabids is of great interest. Weed seed predation by carabids is variable and occurs within a complex context of many biotic interactions. This complexity partly explains our current inability to predict levels of in-field weed regulation. In this thesis, I analysed variations in the levels of predation and biological regulation of weeds and determined how they respond to two classes of biotic interactions: 1) the availability of alternative prey; and, 2) intra- and inter-specific interactions between the carabids themselves. Field measurements carried…
Artificial selection of microbial communities: the effect of diversity and the role of interspecific interactions
2021
In agriculture, the plants and animals that are bred come from long-term artificial selection procedures that aim at producing individuals with desirable traits. Such procedures can be applied at levels of biological organization higher than the individual such as the community level, which is of particular interest in the field of microbial community engineering. Indeed, microbial communities play key roles in agriculture but also in the environment, health and industry, and a growing body of literature shows promising results regarding the artificial selection of microbial communities for desirable functions. However, for artificial selection procedures at the community level to be effici…
The EUropean Network of National Schizophrenia Networks Studying Gene-Environment Interactions (EU-GEI)
2020
Funder: FP7 Ideas: European Research Council; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100011199; Grant(s): HEALTH-F2-2010-241909
Interactions texture-flaveur : mécanismes physico-chimiques ou mécanismes cognitifs ? Application à un gel laitier onctueux
2006
Texture, taste and aroma are key components of the perceived quality of foodstuffs. Many studies showed that modifying one of thèse dimensions could modify the perception of another one. However it is not always clear whether thèse interactions could be attributed to physico-chemical or cognitive mechanisms. The présent work aimed at studying sensory interactions between texture, taste and aroma, in relation with the perception of creaminess, an indicator of food quality. A first step consisted in defining the creaminess concept using sensory and verbal approaches. This study highlighted three groups of consumers: creaminess was associated to texture for the first group, to texture and tast…
Penser la ville durable : positionner la modélisation et l’évaluation des territoires dans les processus d’aménagement
2015
National audience; Les politiques d’aménagement du territoire sont guidées depuis deux décennies par les objectifs du développement durable. Én¬oncé dans le rapport de G.H. Brundtland (1987) réalisé pour le compte des Nations-Unies, l’expression « développement du¬rable » définit en effet un « développe¬ment qui répond au besoin du présent sans compromettre la capacité des généra¬tions futures à satisfaire leurs propres be¬soins ». Trois sphères distinctes mais qui se chevauchent sont identifiées, dans les¬quelles les principes de développement du¬rable doivent être appliqués : l’économique, le social et l’environnemental, la combi¬naison des trois faisant théoriquement at¬teindre le niveau…
Identification of potential mycoherbicides using a metabarcoding approach
2018
National audience
Trends in the prevalence of asthma and allergic rhinitis in Italy between 1991 and 2010
2012
The prevalence of asthma increased worldwide until the 1990s, but since then there has been no clear temporal pattern. The present study aimed to assess time trends in the prevalence of current asthma, asthma-like symptoms and allergic rhinitis in Italian adults from 1990 to 2010. The same screening questionnaire was administered by mail or phone to random samples of the general population (age 20-44 yrs) in Italy, in the frame of three multicentre studies: the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS) (1991-1993; n=6,031); the Italian Study on Asthma in Young Adults (ISAYA) (1998-2000; n=18,873); and the Gene Environment Interactions in Respiratory Diseases (GEIRD) study (2007-2…